An Introduction to Oolong Tea

"Oolong" (literally "black dragon") refers to a kind of tea from China that follows a specific mode of oxidization and production. Oxidization (in tea-making, also called fermentation) begins as soon as the leaves are plucked. After plucking, tea-growers and makers wither them in the sun before repeatedly roasting and twisting them. The oxidization process for oolong lies mid-way between green tea (less oxidized) and black tea (more oxidized), but where in this range varies according to preference or producer. The way the leaves are twisted or shaped varies as well: some are rolled more loosely into long curls while others are wrapped tightly, resembling small beads with a tail.

Oolong tea in both dried and prepared form. The cup pictured, called a pin ming cup, which is commonly used in Gongfu tea ceremonies. Image from OrganicFacts.net.

Tea makers may also blend oolong tea leaves with other fragrant plants such as jasmine leaves or ginseng. Even without such enhancements, oolong tea still has a diverse range of aromas and flavours, from sweet and fruity to woody or roasted.

The historical origin of oolong is debatable, but today, oolong production is concentrated in the Wuyi mountains and Anxi County in Fujian, a province on the southeast coast of China. These two regions are each responsible for a premium brand of tea: the Tieguanyin ("Iron Goddess of Mercy") in Anxi and the Da Hong Pao ("Big Red Robe") in the Wuyi mountains. Da Hong Pao is particularly prized and expensive, selling for $1,025,000 per kilogram or $35,436 per ounce (in US dollars).

Like all tea, oolong tea has multiple health benefits because of its antioxidants. People also drink tea to aid digestion. Although it won't help you lose weight, tea has been linked to a lower risk of mortality from heart disease and is known to reduce obesity in mice.

Preparing a tea tasting in Silk Road Tea. Image from Gluten Free Living.

There are a few places you can find oolong tea in Victoria. Silk Road Tea, on Government St, bordering Chinatown, is the obvious choice and a good local business to support. Terroir Tea Merchant, on Fort St., is also locally owned and has, not only oolong, but a good selection of teas from all over the world. You can also find oolong tea at Murchie's or David's Tea.